The Law – Torah
The Pentateuch
- Genesis
- Exodus
- Leviticus
- Numbers
- Deuteronomy
Theme of Deuteronomy
The revealed, taught, remembered, and applied Word of God is the life of
God’s people as they enter the land, take possession of the land, and live as
God’s people in the land. God’s word instructs, prepares, warns, protects, and
blesses God’s people (30.19-20; 32.45-47).
Theme Scripture, 30.19-20
Deuteronomy 30.19 "I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that
I have set before you life and death, the blessing and the curse. So choose life
in order that you may live, you and your descendants,
Deuteronomy 30.20 by loving the Lord your God, by obeying His voice, and by
holding fast to Him; for this is your life and the length of your days, that you
may live in the land which the Lord swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac,
and Jacob, to give them."
Background to Events
- The Lord has brought his people from Canaan to Egypt, and now to the
Plains of Moab.
- Israel is the theocratic nation, the priest nation.
- The Exodus generation, who refused to believe that the Lord would make
them victorious over the Canaanites and give them the promised land, has died
off.
When Did All This Happen?
- The events of Deuteronomy happened in 1445 BC, just prior to Joshua taking
the Israelites across the Jordan and into Canaan.
Key Words Used
- Wrote, 5 times
- Law, 24 times; 16 times in 27-33
- Commandment, 9 times
- Commandments, 37 times
- Statutes, 29 times
- Remember, 15 times
- Obey, 14 times
- Bless, 21 times; Blessing, 12 times; Blesses, 2
- Not obey, 6 times
- Curse, 11 times; curses, 6 times
- Life, 20 times
Main People
- Moses
- Joshua
- Aaron
- Miriam
Narrative
The second generation Israelites are on the Plains of Moab, north of the Dead
Sea and east of the Jordan River. Moses prepares them for the conquest by
delivering three messages. First, he reviews God’s blessings to them during the
wilderness wanderings. Then, Moses reviews the Law that God gave at Sinai so
that they know God’s will and what God expects of them. Finally, Moses
challenges this generation to learn and follow the Sinai Law. That done, Moses
dies and Joshua leads.
Deuteronomy Overview
- Moses reviews God’s wilderness blessings, 1-4
- Moses reviews God’s statues and ordinances, 5-26
- Moses charges Israel to keep God’s commandments, 27-30
- Moses’ Final Words and Death, 31-34
Moses reviews God’s wilderness blessings, 1-4
Chapter 1: Recap—Sinai to Kadesh
Chapter 2: Recap—Edom to Moab to
Sihon of Heshbon
Chapter 3: Recap—Og of Bashon, and
Gilead
Chapter 4: Israel, Watch
yourselves—blessing or cursing
Moses reviews God’s statues and ordinances, 5-26
Chapter 5: Moses recalls the Horeb
Covenant
Chapter 6: Listen, fear, obey, love
the Lord
Chapter 7: Remove the Canaanites
Chapter 8: Remember the Lord your God
Chapter 9: God’s grace, not Israel’s
righteousness
Chapter 10: Fear, walk, love, serve,
keep
Chapter 11: Blessing or cursing in
the land
Chapter 12: The central sanctuary
Chapter 13: Capital punishment for
idolatry
Chapter 14: Clean and unclean. Tithe
Chapter 15: Seven year loans. Poor.
Servants. Firstborn
Chapter 16: Annual feasts. Judges
Chapter 17: Idolaters, trials. King
Chapter 18: Levites, omens, a prophet
Chapter 19: Cities of refuge.
Witnesses
Chapter 20: Warfare
Chapter 21: War bride. Double
portion. Incorrigible son
Chapter 22: Good neighbors.
Boundaries on sex
Chapter 23: Regulations on people,
foreign slaves, loans
Chapter 24: Divorce, Loans, Poor
Chapter 25: Court case, brother’s
wife, weights and measures
Chapter 26: First of produce. Tithe
to Levites. His people
Moses charges Israel to keep God’s commandments, 27-30
Chapter 27: The Law, Mt Ebal, and Mt
Gerizim
Chapter 28: Blessings and cursings
Chapter 29: Lord’s covenant with
Israel
Chapter 30: Choose life and live
Moses’ Final Words & Death, 31-34
Chapter 31: Joshua, the song, the law
Chapter 32: Moses’ song is Israel’s
life
Chapter 33: Moses blesses Israel
Chapter 34: Moses dies, Joshua leads
Key Doctrines
- Divine Revelation. 1.6
- Delegated authority and leadership. 1.13
- Uniqueness of Israel. 4.7-8
- Spiritual alertness. 4.9
- God provides for his people. 4.14
- Divine Discipline. 4.24
- Ten Commandments. 5.6
- Teaching children. 6.7
- Testing. 8.2
- Importance of the Word of God. 8.3
- Self-righteousness. 9.4
- Abrahamic Covenant and Theocratic line. 9.5
- Mosaic Law. 9.9
- Blessing and cursing. 11.26
- Divine Attributes. 13.17
- Faith-Application—Learn, Consider, Apply. 11.13
- Central sanctuary. 12.11
- False Prophets. 13.1
- Capital Punishment. 13.9
- Tithing. 14.22
- Poor people. 15.11
- Canaanite religion. 18.9
- Future Prophet. 18.15
- Judicial witness. 20.15
- Deterrence of crime. 19.20
- Holy War. 20.3
- Rebellious son. 21.18
- Blessing before cursing. 28.1, 15
- Repentance and blessing. 30.1
- Life and death, blessing and the curse. 30.19
- Spiritual Courage. 31.6
- Fear of the Lord. 31.13
- Passing the leadership mantle. 34.1
- Land Covenant. 34.1
- Abrahamic Covenant. 34.4
Lessons For Us Today
- God’s Word is our life (8.3; Matthew 4.4; Luke 4.4; James 1.21-25; 1 Peter
2.2; 2 Timothy 3.16-17).
- Communication of the Word (31.9-13; 1 Timothy 1.3; 6.17; 2 Timothy 2.2,
11, 15; 4.2-5).
- Faith-Application, choose blessing or cursing (1.30-8; 4.10, 14, 15, 23;
6.1 11.26-32; 28.1-2, 15; 30.19-20; Acts 17.27; Romans 6.6, 11, 12-13;
Philippians 4.8-9; Colossians 3.23-25; Hebrews 4.1-16;James 1.21-25).
- Spiritual courage (1.30-38; 31.6; John 16.33; Acts 23.11; 2 Corinthians
4.16).
- Divine discipline (4.24; 1 Corinthians 11.29-30; Hebrews 12.5-13).
- Punishment deters crime (19.20; Romans 13.3-4; 1 Thessalonians 4.6).
- Faith focusing on Christ (Occupation with Christ) is like fear of the Lord
(31.13; Galatians 2.20; Colossians 3.1-3; Hebrews 12.2).